سلسلة الكائنات الاسطورية في الكتاب المقدس

[محمد سني 1989]

الجزء الاول : الغول او معز الوحش

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

نقرا في اشعياء 13:
20 لاَ تُعْمَرُ إِلَى الأَبَدِ، وَلاَ تُسْكَنُ إِلَى دَوْرٍ فَدَوْرٍ، وَلاَ يُخَيِّمُ هُنَاكَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، وَلاَ يُرْبِضُ هُنَاكَ رُعَاةٌ،
21 بَلْ تَرْبُضُ هُنَاكَ وُحُوشُ الْقَفْرِ، وَيَمْلأُ الْبُومُ بُيُوتَهُمْ، وَتَسْكُنُ هُنَاكَ بَنَاتُ النَّعَامِ، وَتَرْقُصُ هُنَاكَ مَعْزُ الْوَحْشِ،

معز الوحش المذكور هنا هو كائن اسطوري ذو شعر كثيف نصفه السفلي شكل معز و نصفه العلوي انسان او ما يشابه ذلك و قد اختلف وصفه كثيرا الا ان الاتفاق على كثرة شعره و شبهه بالمعز بل وقد شبه بالغول !!!

و الدليل :

1. تراجم الكتاب المقدس :

نقرا ما يقاربه من ترجمة الحياة السارة لنص اشعياء 34: 14 :14تـتلاقى الوحوشُ وبناتُ آوى ويتَنادَى مَعَزُ الوحشِ إليها. هُناكَ تستَقِرُّ الغُولُ‌ وتجِدُ لنَفسِها مَقاما.

نقرا من ترجمة الملك جيمس لنص اشعياء 13: 21
But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and satyrs shall dance there.


2. نقرا من تفاسير شراح الكتاب المقدس :

1. تفسير القديس جيروم و الذي قال بان الكلمة العبرية تعني مخلوق نصفه الاول بشري و نصفه الاخر كالمعز !!!
نقرا من كتاب Commentary on the prophecies of Isaiah v.1. Alexander, Joseph A. (Joseph Addison
الصفحة 283


https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?...ew=1up;seq=303


2. نقرا من JOHN JILL'S EXPOSITION OF THE BIBLE
and satyrs shall dance there;
a sort of monstrous creatures with the ancients, painted half men and half goats; the upper part of them like men, except the horns on their heads, and the lower parts like goats, and all over hairy; and the word here used signifies hairy; and is used for goats, and sometimes for devils, either because they have appeared in this form, as Kimchi says, to them that believe them; or because they, by their appearance, inject such horror in men, as cause their hair to stand upright: hence the Targum, Jarchi, and Kimchi, interpret it of devils here; and so the Septuagint version, and those that follow it, the Syriac and Arabic, render it, "and demons shall dance there": with this agrees the account of mystical Babylon, ( Revelation 18:2 )
https://www.biblestudytools.com/comm...iah-13-21.html


3. نقرا من COMMENTARY CRITICAL AND EXPLANATORY ON THE WHOLE BIBLE
satyrs--sylvan demi-gods--half man, half goat--believed by the Arabs to haunt these ruins; probably animals of the goat-ape species [VITRINGA]. Devil-worshippers, who dance amid the ruins on a certain night [J. WOLFF].
https://www.biblestudytools.com/comm...isaiah-13.html


4. نقرا من BARNE'S NOTES ON THE WHOLE BIBLE
And satyrs shall dance there - (שׂערים s'e‛ı̂rı̂ym ). A “satyr,” in mythology, was a sylvan deity or demigod, represented as a monster, half man and half goat, having horns on his head, a hairy body, with the feet and tail of a goat (Webster). The word used here properly denotes that which is “hairy,” or “rough,” and is applied to “goats” in Genesis 25:25; Psalm 68:21; Leviticus 13:10, Leviticus 13:25-26, Leviticus 13:30, Leviticus 13:32. It is often rendered “hair.” (“see” Taylor). In Isaiah 34:14, it is rendered ‹satyr;‘ in Deuteronomy 32:2, it is rendered ‹the small ram;‘ in Leviticus 17:7, and 2 Chronicles 11:15, it is rendered ‹the devils,‘ meaning objects of worship, or idols. Bochart supposes that it refers to the idols that were worshipped among the Egyptians, who placed “goats” among their gods. Doderlin supposes that it means either “fawns,” or a species of the monkey tribe, resembling in their rough and shaggy appearance the wild goat.
https://www.studylight.org/commentar...isaiah-13.html


4. نقرا من JOHN TRAPP COMPLETE COMMENTARY
And satyrs.] Or, Devils in borrowed shapes and hideous apparitions.
https://www.studylight.org/commentar...isaiah-13.html


5. نقرا من WESLEY'S EXPLANATORY NOTES
Satyrs — The learned agree, that these are frightful and solitary creatures
https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/wen/isaiah-13.html


6. نقرا من WHEDON'S COMMNETARY ON THE BIBLE
Satyrs — Literally, shaggy creatures; perhaps a species of goat, though Tristram (Natural History of the Bible, page 132,) thinks the “goat-god” of Egypt, with which the children of Israel became acquainted in Egypt, furnished the popular myth of the satyr — half goat and half man — and poetically the prophet Isaiah painted horrible desert places with this ideal creature. Nevertheless, he countenances another interpretation of the word, namely, a creature of the dog-faced baboon, also an object of worship with the Egyptians, as shown from their monuments, like to the mocko, or maccacus Arabacus, a baboon which is now disseminated from Central Africa as far north as to the continence of the Tigris and the Euphrates.
It is observable that our Lord, in Matthew 12:43, recognised the sentiment, current even in his day, that the desert is the abode of demons or unclean spirits. Virgil also calls them saltantes satyros, dancing satyrs. The Yezides of Syria and Mesopotamia are a sect of devil worshippers.
Joseph Wolf, missionary, and traveller to Bokhara, saw pilgrims of this sect upon the ruins of Babylon performing strange and horrid rites by moonlight, dancing and howling, and reminding him of this passage. (Delitzsch.)
https://www.studylight.org/commentar...isaiah-13.html


3. تاكيد المعاجم على ان المعنى العبري للكلمة المستخدمة שָׂעִיר هي SATYR

1. نقرا من معجم Brown-Driver-Briggs:
שָׂעִיר noun masculine satyr, demon (with he-goat's form, or feet; Late Hebrew id.; compare BaudStud. i. 136 ff.; hairy demons WeSkizzen iii. 135; Heid. 152 RSSemitic 113, 423: 2nd ed. 120, 441); absolute ׳שׂ Isaiah 34:14 inhabiting desolate ruins, so plural שְׂעִירִים Isaiah 13:21; name for idols 2Chronicles 11:15 and (שְׂעִירִם) Leviticus 17:7 (H); probably also ׳בָּמוֺת הַשּׂ 2 Kings 23:8 (ᵑ0 הַשְּׁעָרִים) HoffmZAW ii (1882), 175 SS Kmp Klo Kit Benz Bur.
https://biblehub.com/hebrew/8163.htm

2. نقرا من معجم سميث
Satyr [N] [E]
(satyr or satyr ), a sylvan deity or demigod of Greek mythology, represented as a monster, part man and part goat. ( Isaiah 13:21 ; 34:14 ) The Hebrew word signifies "hairy" or "rough," and is frequently applied to "he-goats." In the passages cited it probably refers to demons of woods and desert places. Comp. ( Leviticus 17:7 ; 2 Chronicles 11:15 )
https://www.biblestudytools.com/dict...ary/satyr.html


ملاحظة :
النقطة الثالثة هذه (الاستشهاد بالمعاجم ) وضعتها ردا على تاويل بعض مفسريهم و الذين حاولوا ان يؤولوا النص هنا على انه تعبير عن القرود او الاوعال التي تعيش في الجبال كما فعل تادرس مالطي في تفسيره اذ ان معنى الكلمة و سياق النص لا يحتمل هذا التاويل الذي وضعوه للتهرب من الحقيقة .

هذا وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد و على اله وصحبه وسلم

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