A.) (Mufti Taqi Usmani) According to the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet all prophets are immune from committing sins. No prophet has ever committed a sinful act in the correct sense of the term. However, at times these prophets have done some acts that, though not included in the definition of sin in its exact sense, were not held by Allah as befitting the high station of prophet-hood. Such acts may be termed as slips and not sins. Being on a very high level of religious integrity, they took such slips also as their sins because of which they turned to Allah to repent. According to the Islamic belief based on the Holy Qur'an and Sunnah, this principle applies to all the prophets right from Adam, alayhis salam, upto the Holy Prophet Muhammad . The Holy prophet 'Isa, alayhis salam, (Jesus Christ) is no exception to this rule. Even according to the Bible, he refused to be called as 'good' or 'righteous'. The Gospel of Mark states:
"And as he was setting out on his journey, a man ran up and knelt before him, and asked him, "Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?" And Jesus said to him, "Why do you cal me 'good'"? No one is 'good' but God alone." (Mark, 10:17,18)
The event is also reported by Luke in his Gospel 18:18. Not only this, St. Paul has used for Jesus Christ the words that no Muslim can imagine about him. St. Paul says:
"Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us - for it is written. "Cursed be everyone who hangs on a tree." (Gelatians, 3:13)
Hence, the comparison mentioned in your question is not valid, neither according to the Islamic beliefs nor on the basis of some Biblical texts.
A.) (IPCI) It has been shown to you above in many examples and quotations from the Bible, that Jesus, alayhis salam, is not divine, thus he is as mortal as Mohamed or any other Prophet before him. Nowhere in the entire Bible did Jesus use the words "I am God" or "Worship me". So Jesus, alayhis salam, is also mortal and not divine. However, one major difference between The Qur'an and the Bible is that the Qur'an regards Prophets of God as special human beings who were appointed by God to preach His Divine Mission and to be examples to their communities, and thus God protected them from committing sin. The Qur'an Chapter 6 endorses the sinlessness of all Prophets.
That was the reasoning about Us which We gave to Abraham (to use) against his people: We raise whom We will degree after degree: for thy Lord is full of wisdom and knowledge. We gave him Isaac and Jacob: all (three) We guided: and before him We guided Noah and among his progeny David Solomon Job Joseph Moses and Aaron: thus do We reward those who do good. And Zakariya and John and Jesus and Elias: all in the ranks of the righteous: And Ismail and Elisha and Jonas and Lot: and to all We gave favor above the nations. (To them) and to their fathers and progeny and brethren: We chose them. And We guided them to a straight way. This is the guidance of Allah: He gives that guidance to whom He pleases of His worshippers. If they were to join other gods with Him all that they did would be vain for them. These were the men to whom We gave the Book and authority and Prophethood: if these (their descendants) reject them behold! We shall entrust their charge to a new People who reject them not. Those were the (prophets) who received Allah's guidance: copy the guidance they received; Say: "No reward for this do I ask of you: this is no less than a Message for the nations." [Al-An'am 6: 83-90]
Unlike the Bible, which falsely attributes heinous and shameful sins to Prophets. In fact it accuses Lot, alayhis salam, for example in Genesis 19-30/36 as having incest with his two daughters while drunk! No Muslim will ever accept this as a fact! All Muslims revere all Prophets as sinless. To single out Jesus, alayhis salam, alone as being the only Prophet who is sinless, is baseless and has no moral, Biblical or Qur'anic justification. Quote me the Qur'anic verses that accuse Abraham, David , Moses or Mohammed as having committed sin.
A.) (Mufti Taqi Usmani) Answer to this question has already been given in our answer to Question No.5. To sum up, neither the miraculous birth can prove the divinity of a person such as in the case of the Holy Prophet Adam, alayhis salam,, nor being faultless can prove the divinity of a person because, as explained earlier, all the prophets were immune from sins but no body can take them as God.
A.) (IPCI) Both these points have been adequately answered in your questions 5 and 6 above. Who determines what criterion is to be used to measure the greatness of personalities be they religious or secular? You are harping on a few criterions like birth, sinless and ascension of Jesus, alayhis salam, to prove his superiority over other Prophets. Firstly, it has been proven to you adequately above that these criterions are not unique to Jesus, alayhis salam. Secondly, if one has to follow your reasoning of using ones own criterion, can it be fair then to state that Mohammed is greater than Jesus, alayhis salam, in that Mohammed's enemies could not kill him, but Jesus, alayhis salam, "lost the battle" against his enemies and was killed? Can we say that Mohammed is greater than Jesus, alayhis salam, in that he split the moon as one of his miracles, and that Jesus, alayhis salam, did not do that ? Can we say that Moses, alayhis salam, is greater than Jesus, alayhis salam, in that he split the red sea open while Jesus, alayhis salam, did not do that ? According to your own criterion Melcisedec will be greater than Jesus, alayhis salam?
Allah says in Qur'an Chapter 2 Verse 253 :
"Those apostles We endowed with gifts some above others: to one of them Allah spoke; others He raised to degrees (of honor); to Jesus the son of Mary We gave clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit. If Allah had so willed succeeding generations would not have fought among each other after clear (Signs) had come to them but they (chose) to wrangle some believing and others rejecting. If Allah had so willed they would not have fought each other; but Allah fulfilleth His plan." [Al-Baqarah 2:253]
A.) (Mufti Taqi Usmani) Islam does not deny the propitiatory sacrifice as a form of worship. However, this is restricted to three days on the occasion of Eid-ul-Adha during which period sacrifice has been held as the most favorable form of worship. It is true that it is a reminder of the sacrifice offered by the Prophet Ibrahim, alayhis salam. Therefore, whoever wishes to offer such a sacrifice, he can do it during these three days. Since every form of worship must conform to the rules prescribed for it by Allah it must be performed only on the times specified by Him. The sacrifice recognized by Islam is restricted to these three days on the basis of Allah's command.
A.) (IPCI) Firstly, Muslims do not believe that Islam is rooted in Judeo-Christian traditions. Muslims believe that all Prophets came and preached Islam, that all Prophets were Muslims that came and preached the same message namely, that God is one, He has no partner, that we must obey the Prophets of God and that there is life after death, a day of Judgement when everyone will appear before their Lord and Creator and be answerable for their actions.
"They say: 'Become Jews or Christians if ye would be guided (to salvation).' Say thou: 'Nay! (I would rather) the religion of Abraham the true and he joined not gods with Allah.' Say ye: 'We believe in Allah and the revelation given to us and to Abraham Isma`il Isaac Jacob and the Tribes and that given to Moses and Jesus and that given to (all) Prophets from their Lord we make no difference between one and another of them and we bow to Allah (in Islam).'" [Al-Baqarah 2:135-136]
Secondly, it seems that you have answered the question yourself. Muslims do not deny animal sacrifice and as you rightfully point out, we do practice this during Eid ul Adha and also at other times. However, Muslims believe that Ismail, alayhis salam, was being sacrificed and not Isaac, alayhis salam, as Christians incorrectly believe. This is based on the Biblical evidence in the Book of Genesis wherein Abraham, alayhis salam, was called upon to sacrifice his firstborn son. Ismail was the firstborn of Abraham, not Isaac (alayhimus salam).