Figure 4. South East view at the pit. An ancient wall is seen on the eastern side.


The Debris and the Artifacts

Figure 6. The debris
The dumps in El-Azaria and in the Kidron both have the same texture, which is a dusty gray soil. The earth contains a mixture of many stones from different periods. Many stones look simply like small rocks, which may have been used for a fill. Also found were many ancient masonry stones, some carbonized, and many modern blocks and floor tiles, which are probably fragments of the current Temple Mount floor. At a first glance at the earth it seems that it contains no pottery shards, but after it is washed by a good rain it can easily be seen that the earth is full of shards. Because of the dusty texture of the earth is it difficult to examine it when it is dry. This gray soil texture doesn't match the same texture of the earth taken out during the construction of new pipelines that was done in 1971, in the area near the Dome of the Rock. That earth was in a light brown-yellow color with small stones, and not the dark gray that we would expect from the burnt temple if it was located in that area.

Kidron valley dumps

El Azaria




Figure 8. A pillared figurine leg from the time of the first temple. Similar legs were found in various sites in Judah, including Jerusalem. On the top of this leg there are some remains of white dye, which is typical to Iron Age 2.



Figure 9. Marble stones, with a pattern like this one, were found in ornament stone tables from the Second Temple period. Such a table was found in Jerusalem by Avigad, and in Massada.

Figure 10. We found many glass pieces from different periods. On the left: a fragment of a Muslim bracelet. On the top right: a Muslim glass candle stick that was part of a torus-shaped glass lamp.






Figure 11. A small fragment of a decorated stone or a rim of a stone vessel.
Stone vessels are usually dated to the Second Temple period.



Figure 12. This type of marble is very common in the dumps. We couldn't date


Figure 13. A part of a pipe. Maybe Byzantine.

Figure 14. Clay tiles used to cover the mosques in the time of Suliman the
Magnificent in the 16th century CE. Mazar found very similar tiles in his
dig south of the Temple Mount.



Figure 15. Pottery from the First Temple. The earliest identified shard we found is dated to the 8th Century BCE.



Figure 16. A typical Iron Age II shard with wheel burnished stripes. Dated to
the 8Th Century BCE.



Figure 17. Pottery from the Second Temple. This pottery includes the Hellenistic
and Early Roman periods.
Figure 18. Pottery from the Late Roman period.

Figure 19. Pottery from the Byzantine period.



Figure 20. Pottery from the Early Muslim and Medieval period.
Figure 21. Unidentified pottery.


Figure 22. Bases of jugs from the time of Herod. (1ST Century BCE).


Figure 23. Pottery handles from different periods.


Figure 24. Medieval pottery spouts.


Figure 25. Many mosaic stones can be easily found in the dumps.


Figure 26. A large Muslim or Ottoman mosaic stone.

Figure 27. Pottery imported from China in the 14th Century CE.


Figure 28. A fragment of a Turkish pipe.




[1] Gibson S., and Jacobson D.M., Below the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, Oxford, 1996, pp. 268-279.
[2] Mazar B., The Mountain of the Lord , New York 1975, p. 127.
[3]Schick C., 'Reports from Jerusalem. Letters from Schick,': 'Discoveries in "Solomon's Stables", PEFQSt (1891), p. 199.
[4] Kletter R., The Judean pillar-figurines and the archaeology of Asherah, Oxford, 1996
[5] Avigad N., The Upper City Of Jerusalem, (published in Hebrew). Jerusalem, 1980, p. 107.
[6] Ben Dov M., The Excavation Nearby the Temple Mount, (published in Hebrew) Jerusalem, 1982, pp. 368, 357.


هذه هي الآثار بعض قطع الفخار والتي تعود إلى العصر الأموي والدولة العثمانية..وحاولوا بهذه الفتافيت أن يصنعوا لهم تاريخاً مفروضاً على العالم..
والسؤال الأهم في هذا الموضوع هو: كيف سمح الرب القدير الإبقاء على معابد الأوثان الموجودة في المكسيك ومصر وغيرها ولم يبق على بيته القدير ذي المواصفات الخرافية؟..حتى يجعل بعضهم حباً فيه عز وجل أن يقوم بتزوير أثر هو عبارة عن لوح من الحجر يثبت فيه أن هذا هو بيت الرب القدير؟..هل الله سبحانه وتعالى في حاجة لمن يدافع عنه ولو بالكذب؟!!!.
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