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The High Priest wore three sets of Seal stones that were engraved with Hebrew text indicating the twelve tribes were of God's family.
The script would have been “Mosaic-hieroglyphic Hebrew” also used by God to write the two tables of stone for the Ten commandments.
ONE STONE ON EACH SHOULDER: "You shall take two onyx stones and engrave on them the names of the sons of Israel, six of their names on the one stone and the names of the remaining six on the other stone, according to their birth. “As a jeweler engraves a signet, you shall engrave the two stones according to the names of the sons of Israel; you shall set them in filigree settings of gold. “You shall put the two stones on the shoulder pieces of the ephod, as stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord on his two shoulders for a memorial." (Exodus 28:9–12)
TWELVE STONES ON THE EPHOD BREASTPLATE: "He made the breastpiece, the work of a skillful workman, like the workmanship of the ephod: of gold and of blue and purple and scarlet material and fine twisted linen. It was square; they made the breastpiece folded double, a span long and a span wide when folded double. And they mounted four rows of stones on it. The first row was a row of ruby, topaz, and emerald; and the second row, a turquoise, a sapphire and a diamond; and the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst; and the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. They were set in gold filigree settings when they were mounted. The stones were corresponding to the names of the sons of Israel; they were twelve, corresponding to their names, engraved with the engravings of a signet, each with its name for the twelve tribes." (Exodus 39:8–14)
SEAL ON CROWN: "They made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and inscribed it like the engravings of a signet, “Holy to the Lord.” They fastened a blue cord to it, to fasten it on the turban above, just as the Lord had commanded Moses." (Exodus 39:30–31)
f. This same combination of names of God’s people with “Holy to the Lord” was used by the Holy Spirit to seal Christians in the new Testament: See full outline
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III. Four different Hebrew alphabet scripts:
The Hebrew language was spoken by Abraham in Ur of Chaldees until Hebrew went extinct as a common spoken language around 200 AD until it was revived in 1915 AD in modern Israel. During this period, the same Hebrew language has used four different alphabetic written scripts. The ten commandments inside the Ark of the covenant and the book of the law placed beside the Ark were written in 1446 BC in "Mosaic Hieroglyphic Hebrew" script which differs dramatically from Paleo-Hebrew in form. Most of the books of the Old Testament were written in “Paleo-Hebrew” script which was standardized by Samuel in 1050 BC. Paleo-Hebrew script was replaced by "Aramaic Hebrew" script in 458 BC by Ezra and continued to be used down to the time of Christ until Hebrew went extinct. “Masoretic Hebrew” script was invented by the Masoretes at Tiberias in 600 AD by adding vowels (dots and dashes) to the extinct first century "Aramaic Hebrew" script. The Masoretic manuscript (Codex Leningrad: 1008 AD) is the oldest extant complete copy of the Old Testament that underlies most modern Bibles today was written in "Masoretic Hebrew". Masoretic Hebrew became a dead language about 1000 AD. In 1915 AD a group of Jews in Tel Aviv revived "Masoretic Hebrew" and introduced it into schools so that by 1947 AD a sizable population spoke the Hebrew they still use today, which is the 4th Hebrew script.
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A. HEBREW SCRIPT #1: "Mosaic Hieroglyphic Hebrew", consonantal Hebrew, (1956 – 1050 BC)
1. Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh copied 22 of the 765 Egyptian hieroglyphic symbols and began to use these hieroglyphic symbols at the basis of the first alphabet.
a. See also: “Hebrew is the world’s first and oldest alphabet”
b. For the first time in history words were spelled out phonetically, sound by sound with 22 phonographic symbols.
c. The Hebrews selected 22 of the 734 Egyptian hieroglyphic symbols as their alphabet “character set”, one for each of the 22 phonic sounds in Hebrew.
d. Although each of the 22 Egyptian hieroglyphs had an Egyptian word associated with it, the Hebrews ignored this and assigned a corresponding Hebrew word to represent the hieroglyph.
e. The first letter of each word represented that sound in their alphabet (acrophony). For example, the Egyptian word for cow is KA but the Hebrew word for cow is ALEPH. The Egyptian hieroglyph for cattle was a cow head with horns and is pronounced “KA”, but the Hebrew word for cattle was “ALEPH”. Since the first letter/sound was “A”, the ox head became the symbol for the Hebrew letter A.
f. Hebrew is the “mother alphabet” from which all other alphabets, including English, are derived.
g. Hieroglyphic Hebrew was the “autograph” script that Moses used to write the original book of the Law that was placed on the side of the Ark of the covenant.
“Take this book of the law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, that it may remain there as a witness against you." (Deuteronomy 31:26)
2. No Bible manuscripts in Mosaic-Hieroglyphic script:
a. The only examples we have of this script is from the 16 Sinai inscriptions
3. Ten commandments written by God in Hieroglyphic Hebrew on two stone tablets. Below is what the Ten commandments looked like in the Hieroglyphic alphabet letters:
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In 1446 BC at Mt. Sinai God wrote the text of the Ten commandments with His finger:
"When He had finished speaking with him upon Mount Sinai, He gave Moses the two tablets of the testimony, tablets of stone, written by the finger of God." (Exodus 31:18)
"Then Moses turned and went down from the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hand, tablets which were written on both sides; they were written on one side and the other. The tablets were God’s work, and the writing was God’s writing engraved on the tablets." (Exodus 32:15–16)
"Now the LORD said to Moses, “Cut out for yourself two stone tablets like the former ones, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the former tablets which you shattered." (Exodus 34:1)
5. The Ten Commandments were the text of the Old/first covenant and were placed inside the Ark of the Covenant:
a. 2 Chronicles 6 "And there I have set the ark, in which is the covenant of the Lord, which He made with the sons of Israel."
b. 1 Kings 8:9,21: V9 There was nothing in the ark except the two tablets of stone which Moses put there at Horeb, where the Lord made a covenant with the sons of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt." ... V21 "And there I have set a place for the ark, in which is the covenant of the Lord, which He made with our fathers when He brought them from the land of Egypt."
"Then the LORD said to Moses, “Write down these words, for in accordance with these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.” So he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did not eat bread or drink water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the Ten Commandments." (Exodus 34:27–28)
Christians do not keep the Ten commandments because they are an abolished code of law:
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Christ nailed the 10 commandments to the cross:
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[TD="colspan: 2"]Christ nailed the 10 commandments to the cross:[/TD]
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"Having canceled out the certificate of debt consisting of decrees against us, which was hostile to us; and He has taken it out of the way, ." (Colossians 2:14)
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The Ten commandments were the physical object of the old covenant which was abolished and replaced by the Law of Christ.
"“Behold, days are coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, not like the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, My covenant which they broke, although I was a husband to them,” declares the LORD." (Jeremiah 31:31–32)
"But now He has obtained a more excellent ministry, by as much as He is also the mediator of a better covenant, which has been enacted on better promises. For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion sought for a second." (Hebrews 8:6–7)
"When He said, “A new covenant,” He has made the first obsolete. But whatever is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear. Now even the first covenant had regulations of divine worship and the earthly sanctuary. For there was a tabernacle prepared, the outer one, in which were the lampstand and the table and the sacred bread; this is called the holy place. Behind the second veil there was a tabernacle which is called the Holy of Holies, having a golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered on all sides with gold, in which was a golden jar holding the manna, and Aaron’s rod which budded, and the tables of the covenant" (Hebrews 8:13-9:4)
The Book of the Law was placed beside the Ark of the Covenant:
In 1446 BC, the Ark of the Covenant housed the Ten Commandments (inside) and the book of the law (on the side)
Both the Decalogue and the book of the law were written in Mosaic Hieroglyphic Script
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https://www.ebnmaryam.com/vb/image/g...EAAAICRAEAOw==https://www.ebnmaryam.com/vb/image/g...EAAAICRAEAOw==B. HEBREW SCRIPT #2: "Paleo-Hebrew", Post-Shiloh (1050-458 BC)
1. Samuel standardized the Paleo-Hebrew script at his Naioth, his prophet’s training school at Ramah around 1050 BC
a. See also Samuel’s Translation of Bible manuscripts into Paleo-Hebrew at Ramah in 1050 BC
2. "Paleo-Hebrew" is a simplification of the Hieroglyphic Hebrew text from which it had its origin.
a. Individual alphabet letters became standardized under the new Paleo-Hebrew script around the time of King David.
b. It was faster and easier to use than Hieroglyphic Hebrew with identical sounds for each of the 22 letters of the alphabet.
3. It was Samuel, in his “prophets school” called “Naioth” who standardized the Paleo-Hebrew text, paving the way for the King David and Solomon.
a. Paleo-Hebrew was used after the destruction of Shiloh in 1094 BC down to King Zedekiah in 587 BC.
b. Paleo-Hebrew, therefore was to David and Solomon what the Septuagint was to the New Testament church.
i. Naioth is referenced 6 times:
8. ii. "Now David fled and escaped and came to Samuel at Ramah, and told him all that Saul had done to him. And he and Samuel went and stayed in Naioth. It was told Saul, saying, “Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah.” Then Saul sent messengers to take David, but when they saw the company of the prophets prophesying, with Samuel standing and presiding over them, the Spirit of God came upon the messengers of Saul; and they also prophesied. When it was told Saul, he sent other messengers, and they also prophesied. So Saul sent messengers again the third time, and they also prophesied. Then he himself went to Ramah and came as far as the large well that is in Secu; and he asked and said, “Where are Samuel and David?” And someone said, “Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.” He proceeded there to Naioth in Ramah; and the Spirit of God came upon him also, so that he went along prophesying continually until he came to Naioth in Ramah. He also stripped off his clothes, and he too prophesied before Samuel and lay down naked all that day and all that night. Therefore they say, “Is Saul also among the prophets?” Then David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said to Jonathan, “What have I done? What is my iniquity? And what is my sin before your father, that he is seeking my life?”" (1 Samuel 19:18–20:1)
c. It makes perfect sense for Samuel to have invented Paleo-Hebrew, since he ran a formal school for the Hebrew prophets.
d. Naioth as the genesis of Paleo-Hebrew is also a perfect match the archeologic inscriptional data that we have found.
e. After the destruction of Solomon's temple in 587 BC the "Paleo-Hebrew" alphabet script soon became extinct among the Jewish public.
f. While in captivity and around 550 BC, Paleo-Hebrew script was replaced by Aramaic script for the same spoken Hebrew language.
4. Signing your name with an X only works in Mosaic Hebrew not Aramaic in Ezekiel 9:4-6; Job 31:35:
Only in the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet is this possible because the corresponding letter in Aramaic is not a cross symbol "+". (check alphabet chart above)
This is the origin of signing your name with an X. The original was a cross + but like most of the Hebrew alphabet letters, they were rotated 90 degrees so the ancient tradition of signing with a cross "+" became signing with an "X" we are familiar with today.
"The Lord said to him, “Go through the midst of the city, even through the midst of Jerusalem, and put a mark [tav, cross symbol +] on the foreheads of the men who sigh and groan over all the abominations which are being committed in its midst.” But to the others He said in my hearing, “Go through the city after him and strike; do not let your eye have pity and do not spare. “Utterly slay old men, young men, maidens, little children, and women, but do not touch any man on whom is the mark [tav, cross symbol +]; and you shall start from My sanctuary.” So they started with the elders who were before the temple." (Ezekiel 9:4–6)
"Oh that I had one to hear me! Behold, here is my signature [tav, cross symbol +]; Let the Almighty answer me! And the indictment which my adversary has written," (Job 31:35)
In Ezekiel 9:4,6 and Job 31:35 a "+" (tav = last letter of alphabet) is used for Job's signature and marking the righteous during the time of Zedekiah. The corresponding letter in Aramaic is not an "+".
5. We have no extant manuscripts of the Old Testament written in "Paleo-Hebrew".
a. Most of the Old Testament was written in Paleo-Hebrew (after 1100 BC, including the first five books of “Moses”)
b. All copies have been lost of these original autograph manuscripts of the bible in Paleo-Hebrew.
c. The only archeological remnant of "Paleo-Hebrew" is the Silver Scroll written in 701 BC (the time of Hezekiah) that quotes Numbers 6:24-26 identical to how it reads in our Bibles today. "The Lord bless you, and keep you; The Lord make His face shine on you, And be gracious to you; The Lord lift up His countenance on you, And give you peace.’"
d. This proves that the text of the bible has not changed over 2700 years!
6. THE TWO SILVER SCROLLS: The oldest "Paleo-Hebrew" text of the Bible discovered so far:
a. The Silver Scrolls are known as "Ketef Hinnom” #1, #2" (KH1, KH2) and are a collage of 11 different Bible verses including the Numbers 6 "Priestly benediction" text.
b. The scrolls were worn around the neck as necklaces and were found in situ in a Ketef Hinnom burial cave in Jerusalem in 1980 AD in a professional three dimensional archeological excavation.
c. The two scrolls are the prize of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem and on permanent display.
d. The scroll references a collage of 10 different Bible verses (Deut 5:24-26; 7:9; Neh 1:5; Dan 9:4; Zechariah 3:2; Ps 54:4; Ruth 4:14-15; Ps 18:1; 19:14; 78:35).
i. “You said, ‘Behold, the LORD our God has shown us His glory and His greatness, and we have heard His voice from the midst of the fire; we have seen today that God speaks with man, yet he lives. ‘Now then why should we die? For this great fire will consume us; if we hear the voice of the LORD our God any longer, then we will die. ‘For who is there of all flesh who has heard the voice of the living God speaking from the midst of the fire, as we have, and lived?" (Deuteronomy 5:24–26)
ii. "“Know therefore that the LORD your God, He is God, the faithful God, who keeps His covenant and His lovingkindness to a thousandth generation with those who love Him and keep His commandments;" (Deuteronomy 7:9)
iii. "I said, “I beseech You, O LORD God of heaven, the great and awesome God, who preserves the covenant and lovingkindness for those who love Him and keep His commandments," (Nehemiah 1:5)
iv. "I prayed to the LORD my God and confessed and said, “Alas, O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps His covenant and lovingkindness for those who love Him and keep His commandments," (Daniel 9:4)
v. "The LORD said to Satan, “The LORD rebuke you, Satan! Indeed, the LORD who has chosen Jerusalem rebuke you! Is this not a brand plucked from the fire?”" (Zechariah 3:2)
vi. "Behold, God is my helper; The Lord is the sustainer of my soul." (Psalm 54:4)
vii. "Then the women said to Naomi, “Blessed is the LORD who has not left you without a redeemer today, and may his name become famous in Israel. “May he also be to you a restorer of life and a sustainer of your old age; for your daughter-in-law, who loves you and is better to you than seven sons, has given birth to him.”" (Ruth 4:14–15)
viii. "“I love You, O LORD, my strength.”" (Psalm 18:1)
ix. "Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart Be acceptable in Your sight, O LORD, my rock and my Redeemer." (Psalm 19:14)
x. "And they remembered that God was their rock, And the Most High God their Redeemer." (Psalm 78:35)
e. The silver scroll is important because it proves that our Bible is
unchanged from the time of 700 BC to 1000 AD.
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